Famous Artists From Africa Tracey Rose Famous Art Name
The history of art is littered with the names of great men—Leonardo da Vinci, Vincent Van Gogh, Pablo Picasso, etc. But what most the women who accept helped shape the world's visual history? As with many other fields, women were historically discouraged from pursuing a career in the arts, yet there are many incredible females who persevered. These famous female artists have more than in common than their gender and career path—they are all trailblazers in their own right, with many breaking barriers in their personal and public life.
Of grade, these women would most likely be displeased to be included in a list of female painters, preferring to be valued as artists outside of their gender. Unfortunately, as women go along to fight for equality in all fields, these exceptional artists are oftentimes still mentioned in terms of their gender. Luckily, more ever, these women of distinction are existence held up against their male peers and recognized positively for their contributions to art history. Organizations similar Advancing Women Artists work to ensure that the female talent of the past doesn't get left out of the history books.
A look at some of the great female artists of the by is likewise a timeline of art history. Women have been leading figures in every artistic move from the Italian Renaissance to American Modernism and beyond. By weaving our fashion through art history—from a 16th-century court painter for King Philip Ii to the 20th-century icon that is Frida Kahlo—let'due south take a await at the strength, grapheme, and talent of these exceptional women.
If y'all're an art lover, here are 12 famous female artists that you lot need to know.
Sofonisba Anguissola (1532–1625)
"3 Children with a Dog" past Sofonisba Anguissola. circa 1570-1590. (Photo: Wikimedia, Public domain)
Painter Sofonisba Anguissola was a trailblazer during the Italian Renaissance. Born into a relatively poor noble family, her father made sure that she and her sisters had a well-rounded education that incorporated fine art. This included apprenticeships with respected local painters. This set a precedent for future female artists, who until that indicate typically only apprenticed if a family unit member had a workshop. Anguissola'southward talent caught the heart of Michelangelo, with whom she carried on an breezy mentorship through the exchange of drawings.
Though, as a female artist, she was not immune to study anatomy or practise cartoon models due to its perceived vulgarity, she still managed to accept a successful career. Much of her success was owed to her role as a painter in the court of King Philip II of Spain. Over the grade of fourteen years, she developed her skills for official court portraiture as well equally more intimate portraits of nobility. Her paintings are known for capturing the spirit and vibrance of her sitters and can now be constitute in collections around the globe.
Artemisia Gentileschi (1593–1653)
"Cocky-Portrait as the Apologue of Painting" by Artemisia Gentileschi. 1638–39. (Photo: Wikipedia, Public domain)
As the daughter of an achieved painter, Artemisia Gentileschi was afforded access to the fine art earth at a young age. Early she was in her father'due south workshop mixing paints and he supported her career when he noted that she was exceptionally gifted. As a noted painter of the Italian Baroque menstruation, Artemisia Gentileschi did not let her gender agree her dorsum from her subject thing. She painted large-scale Biblical and mythological paintings, simply similar her male counterparts and was the first adult female accepted to the prestigious Fine Art University in Florence.
Her legacy is sometimes overshadowed past her biography, with her bloody depictions of Judith and Holofernesfrequently being interpreted through the lens of her rape at the hands of a fellow artist. However, her talent is undeniable and she continues to be recognized for her realistic delineation of the female grade, the depth of her colors, and her hitting use of calorie-free and shadow.
Judith Leyster (1609–1660)
"The Happy Couple" by Judith Leyster. 1630. (Photo: Wikipedia, Public domain)
Built-in in Haarlem, Judith Leyster was a leading creative person during the Dutch Golden Age. Typical of Dutch artists during this menstruum, Leyster specialized in genre paintings, yet life, and portraits. The details behind her artistic preparation are unclear, but she was one of the first women admitted to the painter'southward guild in Haarlem. She later ran a successful workshop with several male apprentices and was known for the relaxed, breezy nature of her portraits.
While she was quite successful during her lifetime, her reputation suffered after her death due to unfortunate circumstances. Her entire oeuvre was passed off as piece of work either by her contemporary Frans Hals or by her hubby. In many cases, her signature was covered past collectors looking to make a profit due to the high market value of Frans Hals' piece of work. Only in the late 19th century were these errors discovered and scholars began to proceeds a renewed appreciation for Leyster's skill as an artist.
Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun (1755–1842)
"Self-Portrait in a Harbinger Hat" past Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun. 1782. (Photo: Wikipedia, Public domain)
French portrait artist Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun created an impressive body of work totaling almost 1,000 portraits and landscape paintings. As the girl of a painter, she received early instruction from her begetter and was painting portraits professionally by the time she was a teenager. Her large career suspension came when she was named as Marie Antoinette's portrait painter and she was later granted entry to numerous art academies.
Her paintings bridge the gap between the theatrical Rococo style and more restrained Neoclassical period. She enjoyed connected success in her career, even while in exile after the French Revolution, as she was a favorite painter of the aristocracy beyond Europe. Sitters enjoyed her ability to put them at ease, which led to portrait paintings that were lively and lacking stiffness. The natural, relaxed manner of her portraits was considered revolutionary at a fourth dimension when portraiture often chosen for formal depictions of the upper classes.
Rosa Bonheur (1822–1899)
"The Horse Fair" past Rosa Bonheur. 1852–55. (Photo: Wikipedia, Public domain)
Like many female person artists, Rosa Bonheur'southward father was a painter. The French Realist painter is considered i of the nearly famous female artists of the 19th century, known for her big-format paintings that featured animals. She exhibited regularly at the acclaimed Paris salon and found success away in both the U.s. and United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland. Bonheur spent a great amount of time sketching alive animals in motion, accounting for her remarkable ability to capture their likeness on canvas.
Bonheur is also celebrated for breaking gender stereotypes. From the mid-1850s onward she wore men's wearing apparel, even obtaining police authorization to practise so. Though she was oftentimes criticized for wearing trousers and loose blouses, she connected to don them throughout her life, citing their practicality when working with animals. She was also an open lesbian, first living with partner Nathalie Micas for over forty years and then, later on Micas' death, forging a relationship with American painter Anna Elizabeth Klumpke. Past living her life openly in an era when lesbianism was disparaged by the government, Bonheur staked her claim every bit a groundbreaking individual both in her career and her personal life.
Berthe Morisot (1841–1895)
"Lady at her Toilette" by Berthe Morisot. 1875. (Photo: Wikipedia, Public domain)
Considered i of the nifty female Impressionists, Berthe Morisot had art running through her veins. Born into an aloof French family, she was the great-niece of historic Rococo painter Jean-Honoré Fragonard. Initially, she exhibited her work at the respected Paris Salon earlier joining the first Impressionist exhibit with Monet, Cézanne, Renoir, and Degas. Morisot has a particularly close relationship with Édouard Manet, who painted several portraits of her, and she eventually married his brother.
Her art ofttimes focused on domestic scenes and she preferred working with pastels, watercolor, and charcoal. Working mainly in small scale, her light and airy piece of work was ofttimes criticized as being too "feminine." Morisot wrote almost her struggles to be taken seriously equally a female creative person in her journal, stating "I don't think there has ever been a man who treated a woman equally an equal and that'due south all I would have asked for, for I know I'g worth every bit much as they."
Mary Cassatt (1844–1926)
"The Kid'south Bath" by Mary Cassatt. 1893. (Photo: Wikipedia, Public domain)
American painter Mary Cassatt spent her developed life in France, where she became an integral part of the Impressionist grouping. Cassatt was built-in into an affluent family who commencement protested confronting her want to become an artist. She eventually left art school after being frustrated by the split treatment that the female person students received—they couldn't employ live models and were left cartoon from casts.
Upon moving to Paris at age 22, Cassatt sought a individual apprenticeship and spent her free time copying Quondam Master paintings in the Louvre. Cassatt'southward career was already taking off when she joined the Impressionists and forged a lifelong friendship with Degas. At the same fourth dimension, she was outspoken in her dismay at the formal art system, which she felt required female person artists to flirt or befriend male patrons in social club to motion ahead. She created her own career path with the Impressionists, mastering pastels to create soft, calorie-free work that often highlighted women acting as caretakers. Throughout her life, Cassatt connected to support equality for women, fifty-fifty participating in an exhibition in back up of women's suffrage.
Georgia O'Keeffe (1887–1986)
As an creative person at the forefront of American Modernism, Georgia O'Keeffe is ane of the virtually historic female artists in history. Her early drawings and paintings led to bold experiments in abstraction, with her focus on painting to express her feelings ushering in an era of "Art for Art'south Sake." During her lifetime, her career was intertwined with her hubby, Alfred Stieglitz. While the renowned photographer espoused ideas that American art could equal that of Europe and that female person painters could create art just as powerful every bit men, he besides hindered interpretation of her work.
Stieglitz viewed creativity as an expression of sexuality and these thoughts, coupled with his intimate portraits of O'Keeffe, pushed frontwards an thought that her close upward paintings of flowers were metaphors for female person genitalia. It'due south a concept that the creative person has ever denied, though her work is undoubtedly sensual. O'Keeffe spent much of her career combatting her art's interpretation solely as a reflection of her gender. Throughout her life she refused to participate in all-female art exhibitions, wishing to exist defined simply every bit an creative person, gratis from gender.
Tamara de Lempicka (1898–1980)
Polish artist Tamara de Lempicka is known for her highly stylized portraits and nudes that exemplify the Fine art Deco era. De Lempicka spent much of her career in French republic and the United states, where her work was favored by aristocrats. I of her most famous paintings,Self-Portrait in a Green Bugatti, exemplifies the absurd and detached nature of De Lempicka'due south figures. In the work, which was created for the cover of a German language fashion mag, De Lempicka exudes independence and inaccessible beauty.
Her paintings often contained narratives of want, seduction, and mod sensuality, making them revolutionary for their time. De Lempicka enjoyed success until the outbreak of World War Two, but in that location was a resurgence of involvement in her work as Art Deco became pop once again in the 1960s. Her immediately recognizable way makes her a item favorite amid fans of Art Deco painters and today her work is more pop than ever, with Madonna being a known collector of her paintings.
Frida Kahlo (1907–1954)
Currently, there's no other 20th-century female artist with a proper name as recognizable atFrida Kahlo. While the drama of her tragic accident as a young woman and her tumultuous relationship with husband Diego Rivera have sometimes overshadowed her artistic abilities, in that location is no denying the power of her painting. She is particularly known for her self-portraits, which deal with themes of identity, suffering, and the human trunk.
Though she was sometimes written about solely as "Diego Rivera'south wife" during her lifetime, her artwork has simply gained momentum since her death. The most famous Frida Kahlo paintings belong to of import art museums around the globe, while she has gained status as a champion of feminists, Chicanos, and the LGBT community.
Helen Frankenthaler (1928–2011)
Growing upwardly in Manhattan, Helen Frankenthaler pursued painting studies at the Dalton Schoolhouse and Bennington College. She began her all-encompassing exhibition career in 1952, with the display of her painting Mountains and Sea. Having studied under the artist Hans Hoffman, as a young artist she became an important figure in the abstract expressionism artistic movement. Her paintings featured colorful, organic shapes. In the early on years of her career, these compositions tended to be centralized on the sheet. By the 1960s, Frankenthaler's works often encompassed the unabridged canvas. Her six-decades-worth of piece of work displays a constant evolution in way.
Today, Frankenthaler is remembered as a pioneer of color field painting—a style which features big swaths of color as the painting'southward "subject." To accomplish the effect of a wash of brilliant color, Frankenthaler thinned her paints with turpentine earlier applying them to the unprimed sail. The result of this "soak stain" method was an nigh-watercolor-like advent with color built in organic layers. Hers and similar works were included in the famous 1964 exhibit curated past fine art critic Clement Greenberg, entitled Post-Painterly Abstraction. Today, her piece of work can be found in most major American art museums.
June Foliage (1929–Present)
Born and raised in Chicago, June Foliage briefly trained at the IIT Establish of Pattern before setting out to pursue her own contained learning in Paris at the tender age of xviii. In 1954, she returned to Illinois to obtain her bachelor'southward and master'southward degrees in Art Education. However, in 1958 she returned to Paris with funding for her artwork from a Fulbright. Over the years, she developed an emblematic style across several mediums. Through pen and ink drawings, sheet paintings, and kinetic sculpture, Leaf's piece of work embraces the abstruse and unusual. Her work frequently features the human body—oft incorporating her ain imagined hands into the work.
Foliage and her husband—filmmaker and lensman Robert Frank—split their time between a Bleeker Street apartment in New York and fishing cottage in Nova Scotia. In 2016, the Whitney Museum of American Art held a retrospective on her work entitled June Leaf: Idea Is Space. Although Frank passed away in 2019, Leafage still creates. In a 2016 interview with Women'southward Clothing Daily, she described her work as a process of searching. She said, "Maybe I don't desire public acclamation. I want to survive with that integrity that is so precious to me. The fact that I could make that drawing [gesturing toward an easel] made me think 'Oh good, you're even so a scientist who can invent something that goes with your life.'"
This article has been edited and updated.
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